Radio apparatus



Aug.. EL 1925. 1,549,247

F. DE WIILLY RADIO APPARATUS Filed May 3f?, 1924 www@ lfelented'iing l1,

eamo aai-renewed.

Application 'fled 17 ff'o all whom t may camera:

Be it known that i, Fnliivois on llfiLLr, e subject of the King ofBelgium2 residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and Stateof California, have invented a new and useful Radio Apparatus, of whichthe following is a specication.

This invention relates to electrical 'apparatus and refers particularlyto apparatus for use in Wireless or radio transmitting or recel vingsystems.

Une object1 of tlie present invention is to provide a transformer for anelectrical circuit or radio apparatus which is exceptionally eflicientin operation in comparison with tbe present type transformers.

Other objects of tlieinvention are to pro. vide a transformer operatingto prevent re radiation of energy from the receiving apparatusgoperative to absorb or take up a msxiniunrfs strength; operative v`toreduce tbe outside magnetic field around the transitoriy 'eliminateundesired coupling pirla "r units of the receiving system; andoperative'to provide a coupling for a radio apparet-us tending` tostabilize tbe :iction of the apparatus and to increase the range andsignal strength.

Another object ofthe pres-cnt invention is to provide a. simple forni ofdetecting circuit for e Wireless receiving set. operative to efficientlyamplify signals received while providing` a sharp tune and stableapparatus which may be constructed at a relatively low cost.

Various other objects and advantages of the present invention will beapparent from the description of n preferred example oi' an apparatusembodying tlio invention,4 and will bc apparent through the use orpractice of tbc invention.

ln ille accompanying drawings, the invention is shown in its preferredform or forms in which Figure 1 an electrical diagram of a wirelessreceivinpy apparatus embodying; rile invention.

Fig. 9- is a developinentof a coil or trans former employed with theabove invention, different parts being broken away to sliow tbe mannerof winding tlie coil.

Fig. 3 is a. diagrainnmtical view of different windings employed on thecoil or transfornier of Fig. 2.

Fig. t is a similar view of a somewhat modified forni, and

Fig. 5 indicates diagrauunatically `the sensi .iii-e.n

character of Winding on. another coil eran ployed in the circuit orcpperatus as shown in Fifi., 1 y

@e .Reiterring to the drawings, 1 represents tlie ordinary i' connectedthrough a tuning coil. or radio fre quency transformer 2, tlie antenna 1being connected through the primary vif'inding 3 of the transformer, andgrounded as ind cated at 4. 5 indicates a secondary of tile transformer,which may, if desired, be con neeted as usual directly with e, detectortube vacuum or aud-ion bulb o, but in tlie preferred forni of circuitshown tire secondary 5 is inductively coupled a separate pick-up coil7a., the separate pick-up coil Y preferably having Wound. thereonseparat/e coil/windings sind 8. The winding 7 is preferably connected asusual in a grid cir cuit of suoli apparatus one side being connectedthrough a grid leali Sto the grid l0 of the detector vacuum or audiontube The plate circuitof rlie detectortube 6 preferably connects.through tlie excitation coil 8 tliroire'li a primary 12 of atransformer 13 employed for connecting the tube @with :inded steriel orantenna succeeding stages of amplification, a posil tive potential beingimpressed upon the plate 1l of the detector tube from a suitable sourceindicated by the il battery. 'llie coil 7 preferably is sliunted by acon denser 14- end the grid circuit is completed tlirouglrtlie filament15 of tbe audion tube' t5, the filament 15 being` heated by an Abattery. The secondary 5 of the trans forn'ier 2 is likewise preferablyshouted by a tuning element such as a condenser 15a and one sideof thesecondary 5 is preferably connected to one of the leads from tliebattery et to the filament 15.

titl

The. remainder of the apparatus is shown positive lead from tlie "li"battery or sirnilar source of electric potential. The secondary 22 oftlie transformer 21 is connected 1n a grid circuit with tbegrid 23 ofan.

" secondary winding.

amplifying' tube 9A, the secondary 22 lil ewise being connected with thesaid C battery. The plate 25 of the tube 24 is connected through a jack26 or other suitable device for connecting the apparatus to a horn orphone, with a positive lead from the "13'" battery or similar source ofelectrical cui rent, the tubes 13 and 2d being provided with filaments'27 and 28 connecting with the A battery as is customary in such cascadeamplification.

The transformer or coil 2 is particularly designed to absorb the maximumsignal strength from such means as the antenna l and designed also toprovide an apparatus in which exceptionally sharp tuningmay be effectedand to provide an apparatus of stable receiving characteristics, thetransformer or coil 2 being operative to reduce outside magnetic fieldand eliminate coupling with other units in the apparatus.

To illustrate the construction of the coil,

certain specific details of the practical coil will be hereinafterdescribed, it being understood that such details are given for thepurpose'of clearncss and description and are not essential to the use ofthe invention. The coil 2 is referably wound upon a tube, (forillustration a tube three inches in diameter and about three eighthsinch long) part of the primary Winding 3 of the coil being first woundthereon. The first Winding upon the coil is termed a retardationwinding, indicated by 29. This Winding is Wound zig-zag or in Wave formback and forth across the length of the tube until one complete turn otsuch zigzag or wave wind ing is placed upon" the coil. (lver such turnof zig-zag winding is then placed Some suitable means to insulate orseparate such Winding from the succeeding Winding, paper being suitablefor such purpose.

ver tbe covering ot paper a part or unit 3() oit the secondary windingof the coil is then placed, such Winding being a .lattice form ofWinding, preferably being one in which the successive turns cross eachother at angles approaching a right angle so as to 'preventy inductanceor capmiityA between separate winding of the secondary. ,Forillustration, six turns of such lattice work windings are wound in thefirst unit 3() of the Huch unit 3() may then be covered by paper orother suitable material and a part or unit 3] of the primary 3 f thecoil is `then wound thereover. The unit 3l of the primary is woundstraight around the tube in customary solenoid form 0f Winding7 forexample, three straight turns being Wound coil upon coil. The unit 31 ofthe primary is then also covered With material such as paper and asecond unit 32 of the secondary 5 of the coil then Wound thereover inthe lattice form ot winding'. For example, ein turns ct lattice windingmight comprise the mit 32 of the secondary. Such a unit is then alsocovered and a second lmit 37 of solenoid wind` ing for the primary ofthe trinsforiner is Wound thereover, three turns of such winding beingfound satisfactory for this unit. This unit being covered, s, furtherunit 33 of the secondary winding 5 of the transformer is Woundthereover. This unit 33 likewise being of lattice type and twelve turnsof such winding may be employed in the unit 33. This Vunit 33 beingcovered, a. second retardation Winding 34 for the 'primary 2 is Woundthereover in zigzag or Wave forni, one komplete l winding beingsuicient, and this retardation winding being covered a. further unit 35of the seoondary is wound in lattice type over the same, the unit 35being of sullicient turns to provide the desired wave length for thecoil, for exam le, twenty-three turns of such lat tice win 'ng may beemployed in the unit 35. y

The separate units of the prima and secondary are connected as shown inVrig. l, the units 29, 3l, 37 and 34 being connected in series as theprimary winding of the coil and the units 30, 32, and 35 being connectedin series as the secondary winding of the coil.

It is thus seen that the transformer 2 einbodies retardation windings ateach end of its rimary Winding. Each retardation Win ing being foundZig-zag or in Wave form provides an impedance in the coilO whichoperates to prevent re-radiation back from the apparatus to the aerialand thus operates to permit the development or' high amplication andregeneration desired. in the apparatus. The retardation windings 29 and34 act as sort of a back for the coil operative to positively directenergy 'from the excitation coil 8 to the grid circuit of the detectingunit and preventing energy from being transformed from the excitationwinding 8 through the transformer and hence radiated out through theaerial.

Each of the windings of the coil is constructed to perform the maximumeliciency oi' their diiierent functions or operations in that the units3l and 37 of the primary- Winding are constructed by straight orsolenoid Winding Which provides a minimum resistance to feeble currents.supplied thereto, Whereas the coils 32, 33 and 35 ofthe secondary areconstructed in such form that inductance between the various turns isgreatly reduced it not eliminated and thus distributed capacity betweenthe turns of the secondary reduced.

Moreover, the elimination ot' distributed capacity or inductanco betweenthe diierent windings of the secondary 5 of the transformer producing anapparatus which 1may be more sharply tuned by such means fifi condenserl5 and else en apparente which is more stable in operation.. The primarysind secondary of the transformer ing constructed in units interwovenone between the other substantially in .creese the amplificationpossible within euch e transformer and such e coil -or transformer Wilideveiep or impart to the set e maximum ernennt of energy,

The'coil 2 may, ci' course, have its secondary 5 connected directly in ugrid circuit or detector tube and when so'einployingF the coil it muyalso be desirable te provide an excitation coil or winding therefor, inwhich cese Such excitation is Wound in solenoid 'forni and lieiow thelirst retardetion winding 29 of the coil es indicated in Fig. Li, thecoil shown in #i being iliuetrated diagrammuticelly as: similar te thatshown in Fig. 3 but with the addition of :in excitation eeii 36. Forexample7 eight turns of the solenoid windingN first wound may be aroundand tlien windings 539% 2%()15 51a? 323, 37, 333 34 :ind 35 woundtiiereover simiierly to the windings 29, 30, iii and 32, 37? 33, 34 and35 of Fig. 3. Y

in Fig. 5 the preferred forni of Winding of the pickup coil 7 and itsexcitation Winding 8 ere iliustruted the excitation Winding 7 beingfirst wound upon :i tnlie in solenoid torni of winding of, for example7eight turns and then the winding T wound lattice form thercover ofSuliiclr-nt turns; to bring' the Winding to the desired were length, forexample, forty-three turns of the wire in connection with the coil 2beiner found to provide e proper proportion. The comicinntion with tliecoil or transformer 2 of the coil including the windings 7 and ti,previde minimum signal strength with inoxiinurn stability andselectivityr in the zipperetus. The solenoid term of winding permittingthe maximum return or' energy from the plate circuit` wliereus tlielattice form of the winding T prevents distributing the capacity withinille coil, and time provide selectivity in the apparatus.

The coil 2 is not limited to its application to the detector circuit,lint coil or traneiiormer 2 is generally adapted wherever radiofrequency :innililicution is to ile ein ployed in a radio apiuirutus.

This invention is not limited to the details oi' construction given toiiiustrate the invention and to cieerly t'li'ecione tile sinne, butVariations in toi-ine anni proportions r ey loe made vwithout departing;troni the sp t of the invention,

The invention of the full Scope set 'forth in the accempenying claims.

i claim:

1. in e radio :frequency coil or trensiierm er, e primary and second jy?the prim winding being of solenoid ipe end the ondary of iettice typewinding, the prii end secondary being constructed in e 'plof reiity ofunite intern'oren one between tile other.

2. in e ineens of the character described.. e 'transikn'nier haring :iprimary sind sec ondarys the primary ornied of Soienoid winding und thewecondziry oi' iattiee type winding, .the primary and xeondelfy'Winding,r being formed in unite interwoven ene between tiie other, andimpedtinceor retircii tion windings et ende ot the primary wn ing.

in e indio coii or 'transformer nisiry comprising two or :nei-r i 't1 fnoid winding inter-ivoren between in o-. Secondary winding, the unite ofSecondary winding being connected in series anni. tlie uniteI ot tlieprimary Winding being' connected in series, and retardation orinipedance winding' et the endey of the primary winding' connected ineeries Awith such primary winding,

An zur core transformer comprising e primary end secondary, the primaryhaving retardation windings et its; ends, tile pric mary und secondarybeing); termed in a, plum rality of unite interwoven one lietween theother, means for insulating the wir ings, one 'from the other, theprimary Winding being of solenoid type and the seconder-y winding beingof lattice type.

Al radio coil or :iircore transformer comprisingr two windings,insulated one another and forming ar primary aand n. Secondary ininductive relzitiensiup.l said windings beinef interwoven in, uplurality ot' unite, one between the other, the units of tlie priinury:ind secondary being of uniile li'pes and seperately connected inSeries. 'p

iie'ned at Los Angeles, Calif., this day of Muy, i924.

GTR

